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The Norwegian Defence University College (NDUC) is academically independent and dedicated to higher education and research on land power, sea power, air power, military power and leadership, joint operations, defence and security policy.
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IFS Insights 1-2025 cover

IFS Insights: Alliances and the arms industry in small states

Why do small states, despite their limited capabilities, invest in domestic arms industries?

IFS Insights 1/2025

Takeaways

  • In asymmetric alliances, the nature of decision-making (coercive or liberal), shapes the possibilities for smaller states to develop their own defense industry.
  • Liberal asymmetric alliances such as NATO create structural incentives for smaller states to invest in domestic arms industries by emphasizing interoperability, collaboration, and shared standards.
  • Smaller states seeking to develop arms industries must navigate a complex interplay of international and domestic factors, balancing the opportunities provided by alliance membership with the challenges of competing in a globalized defense market.
  • Smaller states must align domestic policies with alliance objectives to maximize the benefits of membership.
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Institutt for forsvarsstudier (IFS) er et ledende sikkerhets- og forsvarspolitisk forskningsmiljø som driver faglig fri og uavhengig forskning om forhold som påvirker internasjonal og norsk sikkerhet og strategi.
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